QUESTION TEXT: Every delegate to the convention is a…
QUESTION TYPE: Must Be True
FACTS:
- Delegates ➞ Party Member
- Delegates SOME government official
- Government Official ➞ Speaker
ANALYSIS: We know that all delegates are party members. And some delegates are officials.
Let’s say that in fact, 5 delegates are officials. Those 5 officials are also party members, because all delegates are party members.
This reasoning works for all ‘some’ statements. If a sufficient condition is part of a some statement, you can replace it with the necessary condition.
Here’s a diagram that shows both conclusions we can make from the facts in the argument. Notice that I am replacing the sufficient condition in the some statement with the necessary condition:
D ➞ PM + D Some GO = PM Some GO
GO ➞ S + GO Some D = S Some D
I think you’re better off working towards an intuitive understanding of ‘some’ statements.
- Some statements are reversible.
- You can make a deduction when part of a some statement is also a sufficient condition
- You cannot make a deduction when part of a some statement is also a necessary condition
So “Cat –> Tail, Cats Some Black” lets you conclude “some things with a tail are black”
“Cat –> Tail, Tails Some monkeys” does not let you conclude that some cats are monkeys.
___________
- This gets the first fact backwards.
- This is possible, but it doesn’t have to be true.
- CORRECT. Some delegates are government officials, and all officials are speakers.
- This gets the third fact backwards.
- We only know that some government officials are party members.
MemberAmily Haro says
Hello,
I would like to practice more questions like this. Do you know any of this type in previous tests?
Thank you,
Amily