QUESTION TYPE: Flawed Reasoning
CONCLUSION: Good health is largely the result of making informed lifestyle choices.
REASONING: Studies show a correlation between education and good health.
ANALYSIS: Correlations cannot indicate causation on their own.
All of the wrong answer choices confuse the concept of average. Even if educated people tend to be healthy, some of them will still be sick.
___________
- The argument only claims that better education leads to better health on average. It is not making the extreme claim that every person without formal education will make bad lifestyle choices.
- A correlation only means that on average educated people are healthier. Obviously some people in that group will still get sick.
- The argument does not presume that everyone can make such choices. A sick baby obviously can’t make much of a choice. The argument is only making a claim about average levels of health.
- CORRECT. Maybe good luck lets people get an education and keeps them healthy. Or some other third factor causes both. Wealthy parents can afford both college tuition and doctors.
- Of course some will be. But on average, those who make poor lifestyle choices are less healthy.
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