QUESTION TYPE: Flawed Reasoning
CONCLUSION: All learning defects in children are caused by a malfunctioning hippocampus.
REASONING: Because all defects in short-term memory are caused by a malfunctioning hippocampus, and short-term memory is necessary for long-term memory.
ANALYSIS: This is a very bad argument. There could be other ways that learning defects occur, apart from problems with short-term memory. If a child has a very bad head injury they might not learn well even if their hippocampus works just fine.
___________
- There is no sample here. The stimulus refers to all learning deficits.
- CORRECT. Yes. If this were true, the argument would be good. But it’s not true, and so the argument is flawed.
- It isn’t necessary that short-term memory be disabled; it only needs to be impaired.
- The argument wouldn’t be different if five seconds or five milliseconds were required. Precision is not needed here.
- The conclusion is confined to learning deficits in children, not adults.
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