PrepTest 108 Section 2

Choose a question

Explanations for every question, find them by number or text.

1. Q1:
   Jorge: It is obvious that a shift …Point at Issue
2. Q2:
   John: For 40 years, fluoride has been added …Flawed Reasoning

   I can only be sure that I won't develop bone cancer if I stop drinking fluoridated water.

3. Q3:
   Columnist: Polls can influence voters' decisions …Weaken

   Publishing polls during the week before an election should be banned.

4. Q4:
   High cholesterol levels are highly correlated …Paradox

   High cholesterol is usually strongly linked to heart disease.

5. Q5:
   Smith's new grazing land consists entirely …Necessary Assumption

   Smith's cows will probably only learn to graze on the fungus-free grass.

6. Q6:
   News item: The result of a recent public survey …Flawed Reasoning

   A majority does not favor more investment in IT.

7. Q7:
   When an invading insect threatens …Most Strongly Supported

   Ants attack invading insects that threaten their territory or food.

8. Q8:
   The traditional way to define the difference …Most Strongly Supported

   Traditionally, we defined rural vs. urban lifestyles geographically.
   * Now, technology makes it better to define them informationally.
   * Example 1: Someone living in a city but rarely communicating electronically = rural lifestyle
   * Example 2: Someone living in the country but constantly communicating electronically = urban lifestyle

9. Q9:
   Very powerful volcanic eruptions send …Evaluate the Argument

   If the Chinese frosts and dimmed sunlight were caused by volcanic ash, then Mount Etna's ash must have spread very far.

10. Q10:
    Mario: The field of cognitive science …Method of Reasoning
11. Q11:
    Mario: The field of cognitive science …Point at Issue
12. Q12:
    Undoubtedly, one's freedom is always worth …Flawed Reasoning

    Your freedom is always worth the risk of losing your life.

13. Q13:
    Ramona: One of the primary values …Agreement
14. Q14:
    Essayist: Some researchers criticize British …Strengthen

    There have probably been extraterrestrial spacecraft seen near Earth.

15. Q15:
    Each of two drugs, S and T, greatly …Necessary Assumption

    Society has to decide whether to pay $240,000 to save one extra patient by using drug T instead of drug S.

16. Q16:
    Researcher: Results indicate that the higher …Parallel Reasoning

    The correlation between education and math skills doesn't prove that education improves math skills.

17. Q17:
    Two hundred randomly selected subjects were asked …Most Strongly Supported

    Group 1 (200 people) were asked if they've woken up, seemed paralyzed, with a sense of a strange presence in the room.

18. Q18:
    Sid: The sign says "Keep off the grass" …Flawed Reasoning
19. Q19:
    Newspaper editorial: Many pharmaceutical companies …Strengthen

    "Me too" drugs can benefit consumers.

20. Q20:
    One of the most important events for modern astronomy …Necessary Assumption

    The comet was composed of rock rather than ice.

21. Q21:
    The experts who now assure us that …Flawed Parallel Reasoning

    Genetically engineered plants will also be harmful.

22. Q22:
    One can be at home and be in the backyard …Role in Argument

    You can be in your own house without being at home.

23. Q23:
    Economist: In any country, inflation occurs when …Necessary Assumption

    My country probably won't experience significant inflation or deflation.

24. Q24:
    Agricultural economist: We can increase …Principle – Justify

    If we want to keep economic growth going, we should radically change our farming methods.