PrepTest 122 Section 1

Choose a question

Explanations for every question, find them by number or text.

1. Q1:
   Because the statement "all gray rabbits are rabbits" is true…Flawed Reasoning
2. Q2:
   A study of plaque buildup on teeth used three randomly assigned…Most Helps to Explain
3. Q3:
   Xavier: Demand by tourists in Nepal for inexpensive thangka…Method of Reasoning
4. Q4:
   Industry experts expect improvements in job safety training…Paradox

   Job safety training led to an increase in the number of accidents.

5. Q5:
   Statistician: Two major studies found no causal link between medical…Identify the Conclusion

   Two major studies … are flawed

6. Q6:
   Patti: Most parents are eager for their preschoolers to learn…Necessary Assumption

   Directed learning is unlikely to improve a child's preschool education.

7. Q7:
   Two things are true of all immoral actions. First, if are performed…Must be False
8. Q8:
   Vervet monkeys use different alarm calls to warn each other…Most Helps to Explain
9. Q9:
   Technological improvements will enable food production to increase…Most Strongly Supported

   Increasing the centralization of societies to improve food production via technology will only exacerbate the disaster of social collapse.

10. Q10:
    In an experiment, scientists changed a single gene in cloned flies…Necessary Assumption

    Flies lacking ultraviolet vision must have damage to the gene identified by the scientists.

11. Q11:
    In the recent election, a country's voters overwhelmingly chose…Most Strongly Supported

    Burke was better than Adler on most issues, and had a long, successful record in government.

12. Q12:
    Poor nutrition is at the root of the violent behavior of…Strengthen

    Poor nutrition is the root of violent behavior.

13. Q13:
    Robin: When a region's economy is faltering, many people…Weaken

    Terry says that price collapses cannot lead to economic improvement.

14. Q14:
    Laila: Though lying may be unacceptable in most cases…Principle

    Lying is morally permissible if it brings more good than harm.

15. Q15:
    If all works of art evoke intense feelings, and this sculpture…Parallel Reasoning

    Either the sculpture is not art or the premise about art (it always causes intense feelings) is incorrect.

16. Q16:
    With decreased production this year in many rice-growing…Weaken

    Since little rice is being traded freely, even small changes in supply lead to large changes in price.

17. Q17:
    Sharon, a noted collector of fine glass, found a rare glass…Principle-Strengthen

    Sharon doesn't think she did anything wrong.

18. Q18:
    Health officials now recommend that people that people reduce…Flawed Reasoning

    There are still a lot of people "completely ignoring the health recommendation."

19. Q19:
    Film critic: There has been a recent spate of so-called…Principle

    Filmmakers have a right to express absurd views, but no one is required to pay attention.

20. Q20:
    The people most likely to watch a televised debate between…Weaken

    Winning a televised political debate does little to increase a politician's chances of winning an election.

21. Q21:
    Many successful graphic designers began their careers…Must be True

    We know three things:

    1.

22. Q22:
    If violations of any of a society's explicit rules routinely go…Flawed Reasoning

    A society never ought to allow a violation of its explicit rules to go unpunished.

23. Q23:
    Perception cannot be a relationship between a conscious…Flawed Parallel Reasoning

    **ANALOGOUS FLAWED ARGUMENT:** "Animals that we feed cannot be pets, because we do not give food to some animals that are pets."

    **PARAPHRASE OF ARGUMENT:** Perception cannot be when we have beliefs about material objects, because we have beliefs about some material objects which are imperceptible (cannot be perceived).

24. Q24:
    Ethicist: In general it is wrong to use medical treatments…Necessary Assumption

    Some restricted nonconsensual medical research should be allowed (in medical emergencies).

25. Q25:
    Gas station owner: Increased fuel efficiency reduces air pollution…Flawed Reasoning

    Fuel efficiency should not be pursued.