QUESTION TEXT: A safety report indicates that, on average,…
QUESTION TYPE: Paradox – Exception
PARADOX: Seat belt laws lower the rate of traffic accidents. A certain city passed seat belt laws two years ago but has the same number of traffic accidents.
ANALYSIS: All of the wrong answers show how some other factor either increased the number of deaths or caused the statistics to be bumped upwards.
The right answer just tells us a fact about the people who died. We don’t know why they weren’t wearing seat-belts. And it could be only a small minority of people who don’t wear seat-belts, and die.
___________
- Higher speed limits generally lead to more deaths.
- This would increase the number of deaths reported even if the actual number of deaths decreased.
- More traffic means more potential accidents. The accident rate could be down even as the number of accidents stays the same.
- A law that nobody pays attention to won’t have much of an impact.
- CORRECT. This doesn’t tell us anything. We don’t know why these people disobeyed the law, and why fatalities didn’t decline in the city.

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